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One of the most popular ways to correct vision is with a procedure called LASIK (laser in-situ keratomileusis), which uses a laser to change the curvature of the cornea (outer window of the eye). LASIK has quickly become the procedure of choice for most patients because they recover quickly and have fewer side effects and complications than with other methods of vision correction. In fact, most LASIK patients notice a significant improvement in their vision soon after surgery. LASIK removes tissue within the cornea to treat low to high levels of Myopia, Hyperopia and astigmatism.
The flap: a thin layer of the cornea or corneal flap is created with the microkeratome to expose the portion beneath; the flap is then lifted and reflected to the side.
Treatment: The computer-controlled excimer laser removes the tissue under the flap and reshapes the cornea of the affected eye. In less than 60 seconds, ultraviolet light and high-energy pulses from the excimer laser reshape the internal cornea (the stroma) with accuracy up to 0.25 microns, or 1/4000 of a millimeter.
Flap back: the surgeon lays the flap back into its original position and observes the eye for three to five minutes to ensure bonding. Because the cornea bonds quickly, healing is rapid, and the eye does not require stitches.